Cytostatics - grup obat anu Peta diarahkeun kana inhibisi atawa suprési prosés patologis of division sarta tumuwuhna jaringan konéktif sél.
Nalika dikaluarkeun cytostatics?
Aplikasi utama dana - pengobatan tumor ganas, nu condong division intensif uncontrolled sél (kanker, leukemia , lymphoma, jsb).
Ka extent Lesser pangaruh ubar di grup ieu anu poko keur normal sél ngabagi gancang tina sumsum tulang, kulit, mémbran mukosa, Épitél saluran cerna. Hal ieu ngamungkinkeun pamakéan cytostatics salaku kasakit otoimun (rematik rheumatoid, scleroderma, lupus nephritis, kasakit Goodpasture urang, sistemik lupus erythematosus, jsb).
Dina terapi digabungkeun, agén sitotoksik bisa jadi dikaluarkeun kana bentuk papan, capsules, kitu ogé injections (ka jero nadi, intraarterial, intralesional, intravitreally). Lilana perlakuan ditangtukeun ku severity tina panyakit, efficacy na tolerability.
Daptar cytostatics ubar
agen sitotoksik digolongkeun keur kaperluan nyusun tur klasifikasi, ieu kondisional, sabab loba dana milik grup sarua boga mékanisme unik tina aksi jeung anu éféktif dina bentuk sagemblengna béda kanker. Di dieu nyaeta daptar master of ngaran cytostatics obat:
1. agén Alkylating:
- sulfonates alkil (busulfan, Treosulfan);
- ethylenimines (thiotepa);
- turunan nitrosourea (nimustine, lomustine, carmustine, Myustoforan, Streptozotocin);
- mustard (chlorambucil, ifosfamide, Bendamustine, cyclophosphamide, melphalan, trofosfamide).
2. sayur alkaloid:
- podophyllotoxins (Teniposide, Etoposide);
- Taxanes (Docetaxel, Paclitaxel);
- vinca alkaloid (Vindesine, vincristine, vinblastine, Vinorelbine).
3. Antimetabolites:
- antagonists asam folat (Ralitreksed, methotrexate);
- purin antagonists (Cladribine, Fludarabine, pentostatin, Thioguanine);
- antagonists pirimidin (cytarabine, capecitabine, gemcitabine, fluorouracil).
4. antibiotik mibanda aktivitas antitumor:
- anthracyclines (Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone);
- antibiotik antitumor séjén (Mitomycin, Bleomycin, plikamitsin Dactinomycin).
5. cytostatics lianna:
- turunan camptothecin (Irinotecan, Topotecan);
- turunan platinum (cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin);
- séjén (Temozolomide, altretamine, estramustine, amsacrine, L-asparaginase, dacarbazine, Hydroxycarbamide, procarbazine).
6. The monoclonal antibodi (Trastuzumab, Ederkolomab, Rituximab).
7. hormon sitotoksik:
- antiandrogens (cyproterone asétat, bicalutamide, flutamide);
- progestins (Medroxyprogesterone asétat, Megestrol asétat);
- estrogens (Poliestradiol, Fosfestrol);
- antiestrogens (Toremifene, Tamoxifen, Droloxifene);
- angibitory aromatase (anastrozole, Formestane, exemestane).
- agonists of LH-RH (Goserelin, Buserelin, Leyproleina asétat, triptorelin) ,.
agen Cytostatic pikeun pancreatitis
Dina kasakit parna keur pengobatan administering agén cytostatic bisa dipaké (e.g., fluorouracil). Mékanisme peta ubar ieu pakait sareng kamampuan maranéhna pikeun ngahambat fungsi excretory tina sél pancreatic.
efek samping tina cytostatics
efek samping has cytostatics dina perlakuan anu:
- bulu leungitna;
- diare;
- anorexia ;
- seueul;
- utah;
- lieur;
- lemah otot;
- gangguan menstruasi;
- infertility;
- ngembangkeun leukemia jeung lianna.